Answer: c) Funneling energy from a spontaneous reaction to drive a nonspontaneous reaction
Explanation: Reaction coupling involves joining two reactions with the transfer of energy. The energy from a spontaneous reaction is used to drive a nonspontaneous reaction.

Answer: Providing a pathway for transporting molecules and ions
Explanation: Proteins facilitate the membrane transport of most molecules and ions into and out of the cell, serving as a pathway for this essential cellular process.